While using Ansible 2.4.3 for the very first time after upgrading, I received the following error:
[DEPRECATION WARNING]: [defaults]hostfile option, The key is misleading as it can also be a list of hosts, a directory or a list of paths . This feature will be removed in version 2.8.
It looks like if you have hostfile = ./hosts within the ansible.cfg file, you would have to change it to inventory = ./hosts
$ cat ansible.cfg [defaults] hostfile = ./hosts host_key_checking = False timeout = 5 log_path = ./logfile.txt forks = 50 gathering = smart [ssh_connection] pipelining = True
The above file shows the content of ansible.cfg file. I have added the following to make my playbook run faster:
forks gathering pipelining
Forks indicate the number of parallel processes spawned to communicate with remote hosts. Default forks is 5 in Ansible.
Gathering indicates the default policy for fact gathering. When “gather_facts” is True within the playbook, facts are gathered for each host. The facts associated with each host will be discovered only once even when the host is referred in multiple plays when we use “smart” within the ansible.cfg file.
Pipelining enabled will reduce the number of SSH operations required to execute a module on a remote host.
While using Ansible 2.2 and Python 3.x, I ran into the following error:
ERROR! Unexpected Exception: No module named 'urlparse'
Workaround:
1. Downgrade Python to 2.x
2. If there is no root level permission, use virtual env:
virtualenv --python=python2.7